Multi Boot Sistem Operasi pada openSUSE : Windows, openSUSE, Fedora, LinuxMint & Ubuntu

Untuk keperluan testing dan adaptasi berbagai sistem operasi, saat ini saya melakukan instalasi 5 sistem operasi, termasuk sistem operasi FreeDOS yang secara default disertakan pada Laptop HP 4421s. Sistem operasi tersebut adalah FreeDOS/Windows, openSUSE, Fedora, LinuxMint & Ubuntu.

Urutan proses instalasi yang saya lakukan adalah sesuai urutan diatas. Diantara semua sistem operasi, LinuxMint dan Ubuntu mampu mendeteksi kesemua sistem dengan baik dan memasukannya kedalam Bootloader. openSUSE bisa mendeteksi FreeDOS/Windows dan Fedora namun tidak bisa mendeteksi LinuxMint dan Ubuntu, sama halnya dengan Fedora.

Berikut adalah cara menambahkan menu pada bootloader openSUSE agar turut menyertakan pilihan LinuxMint dan Ubuntu.

1. Check partisi yang dipakai dengan perintah fdisk -l

   server:/home/vavai # fdisk -l   Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x1a18fb65   Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 1845247 921600 b W95 FAT32 /dev/sda2 1847294 215769087 106960897 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda3 * 215769088 415768575 99999744 83 Linux /dev/sda4 415768576 518168575 51200000 83 Linux /dev/sda5 1847296 6055935 2104320 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 6057984 171094479 82518248 83 Linux /dev/sda7 171096064 213821439 21362688 83 Linux

   server:/home/vavai # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x1a18fb65 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 1845247 921600 b W95 FAT32 /dev/sda2 1847294 215769087 106960897 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda3 * 215769088 415768575 99999744 83 Linux /dev/sda4 415768576 518168575 51200000 83 Linux /dev/sda5 1847296 6055935 2104320 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 6057984 171094479 82518248 83 Linux /dev/sda7 171096064 213821439 21362688 83 Linux

   Seperti terlihat pada contoh diatas, ada berbagai partisi yang dibuat oleh sistem operasi, misalnya sda1 untuk FreeDOS/Windows, sda3 untuk openSUSE, sda4 untuk LinuxMint dan seterusnya.

2. Check formasi mapping harddisk pada file /boot/grub/device.map

   server:/home/vavai # cat /boot/grub/device.map (hd0) /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137 (fd0) /dev/fd0

   server:/home/vavai # cat /boot/grub/device.map (hd0) /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137 (fd0) /dev/fd0

   Saya hanya memiliki 1 buah harddisk 320 GB yang dikenal oleh Linux sebagai hd0

3. Berdasarkan informasi diatas, kita bisa menambahkan menu-menu sistem operasi lainnya pada file /boot/grub/menu.lst. Perhatikan contoh dibawah ini yang memuat bootloader untuk FreeDOS/Windows, openSUSE, Fedora, LinuxMint dan Ubuntu ”

   server:/home/vavai # cat /boot/grub/menu.lst # Modified by YaST2. Last modification on Mon Jan 31 11:21:08 WIT 2011 # THIS FILE WILL BE PARTIALLY OVERWRITTEN by perl-Bootloader # Configure custom boot parameters for updated kernels in /etc/sysconfig/bootloader   default 4 timeout 8 ##YaST - generic_mbr gfxmenu (hd0,2)/boot/message ##YaST - activate   ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: linux### title openSUSE 11.4 root (hd0,2) kernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part3 resume=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part5 splash=silent quiet showopts vga=0x317 initrd /boot/initrd   #Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: none# title Linux Mint 10 root (hd0,5) kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/sda6 ro quiet splash initrd /initrd.img   ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: Fedora (2.6.35.6-45.fc14.x86_64) (/dev/sda4)### title Fedora (2.6.35.6-45.fc14.x86_64) (/dev/sda4) root (hd0,3) configfile /boot/grub/menu.lst   ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: windows### title Windows rootnoverify (hd0,0) chainloader +1   ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: floppy### ##title Floppy # rootnoverify (fd0) 3 chainloader +1   ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: failsafe### title Failsafe -- openSUSE 11.4 root (hd0,2) kernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part3 showopts apm=off noresume edd=off powersaved=off nohz=off highres=off processor.max_cstate=1 nomodeset x11failsafe vga=0x317 initrd /boot/initrd   ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: linux### title Kernel-xen root (hd0,2) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-xen root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part3 resume=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part5 splash=silent quiet showopts vga=0x317 initrd /boot/initrd-xen   #Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: none# title Ubuntu 10.04 root (hd0,6) kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/sda7 ro quiet splash initrd /initrd.img

   server:/home/vavai # cat /boot/grub/menu.lst # Modified by YaST2. Last modification on Mon Jan 31 11:21:08 WIT 2011 # THIS FILE WILL BE PARTIALLY OVERWRITTEN by perl-Bootloader # Configure custom boot parameters for updated kernels in /etc/sysconfig/bootloader default 4 timeout 8 ##YaST - generic_mbr gfxmenu (hd0,2)/boot/message ##YaST - activate ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: linux### title openSUSE 11.4 root (hd0,2) kernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part3 resume=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part5 splash=silent quiet showopts vga=0x317 initrd /boot/initrd #Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: none# title Linux Mint 10 root (hd0,5) kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/sda6 ro quiet splash initrd /initrd.img ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: Fedora (2.6.35.6-45.fc14.x86_64) (/dev/sda4)### title Fedora (2.6.35.6-45.fc14.x86_64) (/dev/sda4) root (hd0,3) configfile /boot/grub/menu.lst ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: windows### title Windows rootnoverify (hd0,0) chainloader +1 ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: floppy### ##title Floppy # rootnoverify (fd0) 3 chainloader +1 ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: failsafe### title Failsafe -- openSUSE 11.4 root (hd0,2) kernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part3 showopts apm=off noresume edd=off powersaved=off nohz=off highres=off processor.max_cstate=1 nomodeset x11failsafe vga=0x317 initrd /boot/initrd ###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: linux### title Kernel-xen root (hd0,2) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-xen root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part3 resume=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD3200BEKT-60V5T1_WD-WXM1A50N1137-part5 splash=silent quiet showopts vga=0x317 initrd /boot/initrd-xen #Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: none# title Ubuntu 10.04 root (hd0,6) kernel /vmlinuz root=/dev/sda7 ro quiet splash initrd /initrd.img

Cara diatas (penambahan menu entry pada openSUSE bootloader) dapat ditempuh jika openSUSE tidak dapat mendeteksi sistem operasi lainnya secara tepat.